{"id":130,"date":"2023-11-18T09:36:40","date_gmt":"2023-11-18T08:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/?p=130"},"modified":"2023-11-18T09:36:40","modified_gmt":"2023-11-18T08:36:40","slug":"forme-passive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/?p=130","title":{"rendered":"Forme passive"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Les tournures\u00a0<strong>passives<\/strong>, o\u00f9 le verbe est au\u00a0<em>passif<\/em>, sont utiles\u00a0lorsque\u00a0l\u2019on veut mettre l\u2019accent sur<strong>\u00a0le compl\u00e9ment du verbe direct\u00a0<\/strong>plut\u00f4t que<strong>\u00a0sur le sujet\u00a0<\/strong>(<em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Le film<\/mark> a \u00e9t\u00e9 acclam\u00e9 par la critique<\/em>),\u00a0lorsqu\u2019on souhaite poursuivre<strong>\u00a0une progression th\u00e9matique constante\u00a0<\/strong>(<em>Le criminel commit son acte samedi\u00a0;<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"> il <\/mark>fut arr\u00eat\u00e9 le lendemain.<\/em>) ou\u00a0lorsque<strong>\u00a0le sujet est inconnu<\/strong>\u00a0(<em>le film a \u00e9t\u00e9 acclam\u00e9<\/em>)\u00a0<strong>ou doit le rester\u00a0<\/strong>; dans le genre policier ou fantastique, on utilisera ainsi la forme passive pour\u00a0<strong>maintenir le suspense<\/strong>\u00a0(<em>le prof a \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9\u00a0!<\/em>\u00a0[par qui\u00a0?!]) ou\u00a0<strong>insister sur l\u2019acte\u00a0<u>subi<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0(<em>il a \u00e9t\u00e9 agress\u00e9<\/em>).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lorsque l\u2019\u00e9metteur choisit de ne pas exprimer l\u2019agent, il utilise la forme passive sans compl\u00e9ment d\u2019agent ou la forme active avec le sujet\u00a0\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0on\u00a0\u00bb.<\/strong><br>Exemple\u00a0: Les passagers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 secourus. On a secouru les passagers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autrement, une phrase \u00e9quivalente \u00e0 la voix active est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement plus percutante (<em>la critique a acclam\u00e9 le film<\/em>). En surnombre, les passives peuvent donner au texte une atmosph\u00e8re d\u00e9sincarn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On les utilisera donc avec discernement et on alternera avec des constructions plus vivantes comme les phrases actives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Il ne faut pas confondre le verbe passif avec le verbe \u00eatre suivi d\u2019un participe pass\u00e9, attribut du sujet, marquant l\u2019\u00e9tat.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La branche est bris\u00e9e (= \u00e9tat).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La branche est bris\u00e9e par le vent (le compl\u00e9ment d\u2019agent fait l\u2019action\u00a0->\u00a0le vent brise la branche).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le verbe&nbsp;\u00eatre&nbsp;d\u00e9termine&nbsp;le temps verbal&nbsp;de la forme passive.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ils <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">furent arr\u00eat\u00e9s<\/mark> par la police.\u00a0-> arr\u00eater, pass\u00e9 simple passif<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">aura \u00e9t\u00e9 appr\u00e9ci\u00e9<\/mark> de ses camarades.\u00a0->\u00a0appr\u00e9cier, futur ant\u00e9rieur passif<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exerce-toi :<br><a href=\"https:\/\/figuresdestyle.ecub.info\/exercices\/Passif_conj.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/figuresdestyle.ecub.info\/exercices\/Passif_conj.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/figuresdestyle.ecub.info\/exercices\/Identification_temps_passif.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/figuresdestyle.ecub.info\/exercices\/Identification_temps_passif.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les tournures\u00a0passives, o\u00f9 le verbe est au\u00a0passif, sont utiles\u00a0lorsque\u00a0l\u2019on veut mettre l\u2019accent sur\u00a0le compl\u00e9ment du verbe direct\u00a0plut\u00f4t que\u00a0sur le sujet\u00a0(Le film a \u00e9t\u00e9 acclam\u00e9 par la critique),\u00a0lorsqu\u2019on souhaite poursuivre\u00a0une progression th\u00e9matique constante\u00a0(Le criminel commit son acte samedi\u00a0; il fut arr\u00eat\u00e9 le lendemain.) ou\u00a0lorsque\u00a0le sujet est inconnu\u00a0(le film a \u00e9t\u00e9 acclam\u00e9)\u00a0ou doit le rester\u00a0; dans le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=130"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":131,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions\/131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/francais2.ped-ecublens.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}